Hello and welcome back.

This is the third lesson about "The integrated analysis of the NEXUS in action".

For the case study of the Canary Islands where they were using

alternative energy to produce

desalinated water that will be used in agricultural production.

In this second session,

I will explain the procedure of accounting with the data.

So, the goal of this session is "To understand the approach and the methods to

account for a Water Energy Food (WEF) Nexus in MuSIASEM".

In this 10 minute session,

we describe the steps in framing the nexus relations and how to use the data,

about, in the different processors and at different levels.

So, the first step,

I would say, is to represent the processors. The first step.

So, what we have to do first of all,

is to choose what are the different processors required to obtain the energy,

water, and food data.

So for example, in this diagram we see that I

selected for this case in Canary Islands the different crops that are growing here.

The cantaloupe, the watermelon, tomatoes, zucchini etc.

We have also to select the processors representing

the wind energy and the processors representing the desalination plant.

So, after we selected the processors the ones for energy, for food,

and for water, we have to

select the different variables that will be accounted in the processors.

So, in this example I am

showing that there are different internal flows that we might select like water,

electricity or fuels - different fund elements,

that's the labour, the human activity allocated for the,

for the work of this processor,

the land use, the machinery,

the technical capital - and

some other external flows that might be soil

or bring water or some other variables - and,

some possible environmental loads,

represented as flow going out from the processor

to the environment like could be waste or different emissions.

So, we have to choose which variables are we going to use in our processors.

When we select that,

then we can start now gathering the data and making

the calculations to fill the inputs and the outputs of these processors.

And, it's, I show here an example of an excel table.

'A' simply stating which are the elements that we have to fill.

We go and added the data with primary information or with statistical data.

We start filling the values here for the water,

for the energy consumption, for the output,

for how much money are they producing etc., etc.

So, this will take most of the time probably during the analysis.

But, it is very important to do the previous steps before this one.

The previous steps are setting which,

what are you analyze.

And this one is only providing the numbers.

So, we gather the data and make the calculations.

And now, we can start making the representing and drawing the processors.

So, it is useful to make two types of processors.

One, is the formal processors.

There we have to normalize the numbers,

the quantities that we got to,

make the processor of electricity,

for example, divided by one unit of electricity produced.

So, we put all the arrows in respect to one unit of electricity produced.

The same for the water.

It would be, in this case for,

per one cubic meter.

And the same for food.

In this case, it would be the amount of flows per hectare.The processors,

can be also represented at the current scale in the system.

What are the actual size in the system and per unit of output, as I was saying.

So, I show here the examples and I am presenting the processor of

the cantaloupe crop per hectare (at the left in number 10) and the scaled processor,

that is the amount,

the final amount of all the flows multiplied by all the hectares that we have.

So, in the cantaloupe we have, that,

we have an amount of water consumption,

of chemicals use, fuels,

hours of labour, etc.

per one hectare. And, we're having a total amount of

60 tons of agriculture production per hectare.

We multiply this by the amount of hectares that we have in our system,

120 in this case,

and we get the final amount, the scale processor,

of this for our actual system.

The same for the others.

Processors for tomato, for electricity, for water etc.

We do it for tomato per one hectare and then we also

represent the same processor multiplied by the amount of hectares.

The same for one cubic meter,

and the same for one kilowatt hour of electricity,

and for the final amount of water produced,

and for the final amount of electricity produced.

So, we have done the processors.

Now, we have all the tables and all the processors represented.

And now, a second step - very important - is to represent their relations among them.

So, how the water supply,

the energy supply, the water supply,

and the food supply are relating.

And, to see, to check,

how the supply of water is providing energy for the farming or for the water production,

and the water is providing the water for the farming and for the energy production, etc.

How the farming is producing food for other systems to sell into the markets, etc.

So, we might have a combination of different subsistence for the energy.

For example, the energy in the "water energy and food Nexus" could be supplied from wind,

could be supplied from photo voltaic plant,

from either an hydro plant,

or from biomass, or some other processors.

Also, the water could be supplied from desalination,

from aquifers, from rivers, from rain.

And, the farming could be composed of different crops: tomatoes,

zucchini, banana, moringas, whatever.

So, now we have to,

every single functional processor of energy,

water, and food is composed of

certain particular processors that we might find in our system.

And, the combination of them,

the distribution of them,

will give us the final amount of energy,

water, or food that is produced in the, in the system.

So now, I can represent the relation summary.

So the energy for example,

could be producing energy to supply the local farming,

or to run the water supply systems also.

But also, they can sell,

maybe some part of,

their energy for other systems outside this local water, energy, food Nexus.

The local farming is producing food for the market.

And, the water supply might produce water for the local farming, for other systems.

And also, the local farming might demand,

require water also from other system not only from the local supply.

So, we have to represent what are all the hours in the system,

and account for them, and put numbers,

and final quantities for them.

So, as a result we can obtain the Nexus analysis of the water,

energy, and food system at multiple scales and dimensions.

So, on one side we can quantify all the water,

energy, and food supply involved.

The processors are accounting for all the requirements,

for the outputs, for the balances,

and for the technical coefficients.

We can check if each processors, in each processor,

what are the fund elements,

what are the internal flows,

the external flows, and the waste flows impacting the environment.

So, we can take a lot of things with these representations.

We can have both the processors normalized and scaled.

The processor normalized allow us to

make extrapolations of these typologies also for other systems.

And, we can check

how different processor are meeting the demand of the consumption side of the system,

because we're representing only the production part.

But, we can see how much final production and if it's good enough to supply our system,

our demand, our population in the system.

So, the summary of these methodological steps is:.

Step one, represent the processors.

Step two, represent the water,

and energy, and food relations.

In step one, we select the different processors first,

the ones that we will require.

For energy: wind or hydro.

Water: desalination or aquifers.

Food: tomato, or some other products, etc.

Then, the different variables that we will fill in the processors.

Then we have to gather the data and make the calculations.

And then, we can obtain the final processors in normalized terms or scaled terms.

For the relations of the water, energy, and food,

we have to check what are the different mix

of the different sub-processors composing the energy processor,

the water processor and the food processor,

and make the water,

energy and food connections.

Each processor is providing its output to

other processors within the system and also outside the system.

The procedure of accounting with data

Sustainability of Social-Ecological Systems: the Nexus between Water, Energy and Food

Meet the Instructors