And now I want to show you the technique of the reaggregrating cultures.
In this example, I'm showing you human induced pluripotent stem cells.
The induced pluripotent stem cells are differentiated
into neural precursor cells.
This is done two-dimensional.
The cells are then scraped off into a single cell suspension.
And they are cultured during gyratory shaking,
constant gyratory shaking illustrated on this picture.
Due to the movement, the cells are clustering together and
form a three-dimensional brain culture, we call this, Mini Brains.
Due to the shaking, you can control the size of the aggregates.
This is very important.
If the aggregate grows too big, you have be difficult to have nutritions and
oxygen penetrating the core.
These cells can later be differentiated into neurons,
astrocytes, oligodendrocytes.
This aggregating brain culture have shown nice organ function,
measured by microelectrode arrays,
the spontaneous electrical activities to the communication between neurons.
This model has also shown response to neurotransmitters with an increase in
intracellular calcium when treated with neurotransmitter glutamate.