3-3. Human recognition observed by neuroscientists

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Из курса от партнера Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology(KAIST)

Meditation: A way to achieve your goals in your life

102 оценки

Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology(KAIST)

Meditation: A way to achieve your goals in your life

102 оценки

Do we truly think that we have lived for ourselves? Perhaps we have lived for money, love, fame, family and pride etc.? Therefore, we don’t seem to be satisfied even though we are full of those things. It is because that we don’t know ourselves. Eric Fromm talked about human nature as two modes of being: “To Have” and “To Be”. If we are “Having” the nature of possessions, we are not satisfied, and feel empty and futile. Then, how can we be “Being” the nature of our inner-selves? Sometimes, we happened to be aware of this “Being” nature and try to change ourselves, but fail. But, because of our daily routines, it’s easily forgotten. And more it is hard to escape from our unwanted minds controlling us. From now on, let us reflect on ourselves and look at our minds leading up to today! Don’t we achieve our goals after knowing ourselves? And let us find the “Being” nature of our original selves after escaping from the minds restraining and controlling us. In this lecture, the definition and principle of the mind are explained in simple and clear ways. You can make sure and practice the methodology of finding the true original mind of inner-self by escaping from the false mind of possession. Self-reflection is the first step to meditate. You can know yourselves most objectively through meditation and you will realize that all the thoughts and actions are due to your minds which are nonexistent and false. If you throw away the false mind, you will find the true mind. Meditation is now world-wide sensation. There are many research reports that show people can be leaders if you have a habit of self-reflection through meditation. Now meditation at school and the workplace are popular. Happiness is having no worries. You can really relax yourself if there is no bundle of thoughts and you can be successful when you know yourself truly. Worries come from the memorized thoughts of the false mind. Your inner potential of positive power are revealed, your peaceful and happiest mind will be in your mind, and you can live the life you wanted through meditation. This method of meditation is very practical and everybody can follow the methodology. As an engineer, I will guide you step by step to practice this meditation. I am sure that this lecture becomes a turning point in your life.

Из урока

3 Copied world and real world

Recognize the copied world and real world and think of living free from the self.: (1) Principle of mind formation, (2) Human recognition observed by philosophers and neuroscientists, (3) Understanding the reasons why we cannot live my own way, and (4) Human mind and Original mind

3-1. My mind world11:07

3-2. Human recognition observed by philosophers19:35

3-3. Human recognition observed by neuroscientists13:34

3-4. Interview with a neuroscientist21:57

3-5. Human illusion10:50

3-6. Principle of mind formation12:22

3-7. Human mind & Original mind15:32

3-8. Understanding the reasons why we can't live with free will13:08

Познакомьтесь с преподавателями

Duck-Joo Lee
Professor
Aerospace Engineering

[MUSIC]

Hi, nice to meet you again.

I'm Duck-Joo Lee.

How are you?

We've had a very meaningful time in the last class, haven't we?

We examine the modern philosopher's views on the world.

They tried to figure out the life with their intelligent brain.

We already had a chance to understand their fierce study on

the cognition by practicing our own self-reflection.

Also, it wasn't too difficult to know the fundamental conundrum of philosophy

since it was a written explanation of what we have experienced.

Sometimes logic is hard to follow,

and it is easier to understand that the tough problems of life through practice.

It is the same reason why we emphasize the importance of practicing

experiments in the engineering education these days.

Today let us think about the role of a brain in the aspects of self reflection.

What is the self when we ever think about ourselves?

What are those things which we surely experienced, we clearly recognized,

and we are sure about.

Why don't we listen to neuroscientist's views and experiences on that issue.

Are those research work on the human brain will clear up philosopher's problem and

psychologist's experiments? It is getting much more interesting.

The optical image of external thing, fallen on the retina,

is transmitted to brain.

Then we perceive the external thing.

If we see a tree, we perceive the tree in our own ways.

Information delivery across the brain networks is transmitted

chemically and electrically through

brain cells called neurons.

These cells are connected together

forming pathways that electricity can flow through.

The phenomenon of communication between different neurons

are called synapse, and chemicals are released and

are stored in neurons in the process of storing information.

We can see the resemblance between the brain and

a computer by looking at the similarity between a transistor and a neuron.

Computer chips are made of billions of transistors.

Both computer chips and the brain work in similar ways;

neurons and transistors connect to each other in massive quantities

forming multilayered electrical networks that perform

certain functions.

The brain is composed of many networks

between neurons. The structures of these networks

can be modulated by the environment over time.

The brain function can be reprogrammed through the modulated network structures,

allowing humans to have the ability to learn and grow autonomously.

These programs also have the possibility of going awry causing stress,

addictions, and false perceptions, etc.

The human brain contains 100 billion neurons and

each neurons has about 10 to 15 synaptic connections.

This number often compared to the number of galaxies in the universe.

Experience is just the phenomenon happening.

merely within one layer of the brain.

Those experiences will be stored inside the brain.

Those piled memories are what we call the subconsciousness.

The subconscious processes are actually what

determine how we experience and perceive the world.

Here is a simple model of a network of neurons in the brain.

Through learning and the development, neural pathways form within neural networks.

Pathways across the networks run the function of the brain.

At the beginning of the neural network formation,

there are many electrical pathways in the network.

When certain thinking process and behavior are repeated over a long time,

corresponding pathways are reinforced and

the activity of the brain is likely to acclimate to

strong canyon like neural pathway.

Neural plasticity is the ability for

neurons to form a new pathways in the brain network.

So once we habituate ourselves in certain fixed

pathways, it means the neural plasticity

loosed its flexibility and getting stable.

In other words, as we form our own structure of

thought we tend to have our own interpretations

of the things and to see the world accordingly.

So each individual likely has different perception in things and

that's why the philosopher said that we can never see the true nature of things.

Each person has different patterns of the canyon like path ways.

By recalling memories that are related to previous one's life,

the neural networks related to those perceptions and

behaviors become active.

The previous figures in this class are provided by Grayson and

the professor, Jaime in UC San Diego.

They are heavily involved in the research in

figuring out the mechanism of the self-reflection.

You all probably have recognized that's why we

cannot see the true nature of things as the philosophers would say.

It is because of the different patterns of a neural pathway

in the process of perception and cognition.

Even without any expert knowledge,

now you understand that what we see are an illusion and

that they are not in the real world.

Our past is in control of our present and

that is how our thoughts and the beliefs are built.

Of course what we perceive as ourselves are all illusion.

A particular shape of our neuron that was called a default model

network is a heavily implicated in the coherent perception of an embodied shape.

Bruce Hood, experimental psychologist and brain expert in cognition

talked that neural system in our brain composed of 100 billions of

cell generate various patterns in response to

individual's environmental conditions along their childhood.

Those past living experience determine individual mental stability

behaviors, cognition, attitude and characters, and

when facing the external stimuli, individuals distinct neural structure

elicite an expected responses which are different from the others.

In his book 'The self illusion', he argues that so

called Self is composed of piled up senses perception, and

thoughts, which are based on the 'bundle theory' of David Hume.

Therefore there is no controllable self, that means, no free will.

Our consciousness is always in the past.

In the Society of Mind, the Marvin Minsky wrote.

"We normally assume that consciousness is knowing what happens in

our minds right at the present time.

I will argue that consciousness does not concern the present, but the past.

;It has to do with how we think about the records of our recent thoughts."

The common opinions between the philosophers and

the brain scientists are that we cannot see the reality.

We cannot cognize the reality.

And we perceive things differently.

Those are what we have experienced in the second lecture also.

We get stressed because of the different picture stored in our brain.

which is not real.

Now, how do you want to do?

How do you want to do about your information in your brain?

Today, we continue piling up data to our brain.

You will find out what is it in our brain through self reflection.

Before learning the methodology how to escape from this stress,

we need to know more how the mind is formatted,

why we have illusion, that we see the reality.

and what is the reality?

in the rest of the third week lectures,

you can anticipate next, series of lectures.

Thank you.

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