Episode 111. We can recast Galileo's words in quote 21 for today within the context of biological origins. So, the reason anti-evolutionists advanced to condemn the opinion of the evolution of life, is this? Since in many places in holy scripture, one reads that life was created de novo that is quick and complete, such as in Genesis 1 and 2. And since the scripture can never lie or err, therefore it follows as a necessary consequence that the opinion of those who want to assert the evolution of life, this opinion is erroneous and damnable. Question, can you empathize with scientific concordists and anti-evolutionists? On the surface this argument is reasonable, but in the end it falls short Hermenutically. Similar to Galileo's critics, it assumes that scientific accordism is a feature of the Bible. Another factor contributing to the conflict between Galileo and his critics, was excessive biblical literalism. In Quote 22, Galileo observes though the scripture cannot air, nevertheless some of it's interpreters and expositors may sometimes air in various ways. One of these would be very serious and very frequent, namely, to want to limit oneself always to the literal meaning of words. Again, Galileo realizes that interpreters are the problem, not the Bible and he notes that a frequent error is literalism. Excessive Biblical Literalism continues to be an issue today especially with regards to origins. A 2004 ABC TV survey discovered that 87% of evangelical protestants and 51% of Roman Catholics accept Genesis 1 as literal, in other words, a significant number of Americans believe in young earth creation. Galileo also noted that Proof-Text Hermeneutics was another problem with his critics, this is also known as Sound-Bite TV Reporting. When a reporter rips a persons words out of its original context and then, uses them to say something the person never intended. In Quote 23, Galileo states, they published some writings full of useless discussions and sprinkled with quotations from Holy Scripture, taken from passages which they do not properly understand and which they inappropriately educe. Do we have a similar situation today with anti-evolutionists? They often the De Novo creation of living organisms after their kinds in Genesis 1 to claim that God did not create evolution, but of course, they failed to recognize that De Novo creation is an ancient science of origins. Another problem that Galileo noted with his critics was the misappropriation of academic authority. This happens when an expert in one academic discipline acts like an expert in another unrelated discipline. Galileo explains this issue with his absolute prince analogy in quote 24. Officials and experts of theology should not arrogate themselves the authority to issue decrees in professions which they neither exercise nor study. For example, astronomy, for this would be the same as if an absolute prince, knowing he had unlimited power to issue orders and compel obedience. But being neither a physician nor an architect, wanted to direct medical treatment and the construction of buildings, resulting in serious danger of life of the unfortunate sick and in the obvious collapse of structures. End of episode.