Episode 104: Brief History of Galileo Galilei (1615-1624)

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From the course by University of Alberta

Science & Religion 101

25 оценки

University of Alberta

Science & Religion 101

25 оценки

This course examines the nature of both science and religion and attempts to explore the possible relationships between them. The primary purpose is to dispel the popular myth that science and religion are entrenched in a never-ending conflict. As a result, this course argues that if the limits of both science and religion are respected, then their relationship can be complementary. Topics include: Science and Religion Categories and Foundational Principles, Definitions of Science and Religion, Science-Religion Models and Relationships, Intelligent Design and Natural Revelation, the Galileo Affair, Geology and Noah’s Flood, Evolution and Darwin’s Religious Beliefs, the Modern “Evolution” vs. “Creation” Debate, the Problem of Evil, and Interpretations of the Biblical Accounts of Origins in Genesis 1-11. The course employs a Constructive Teaching Style in order that students can develop their personal views on the relationship between science and religion and on each of the topics listed above. St. Joseph's College is a Catholic, undergraduate, liberal arts college on the University of Alberta campus. It is an independent institution that is affiliated with the University of Alberta.

From the lesson

Astronomy & the Galileo Affair

This is the first of three weeks examining historical events related to Science and Religion in order to draw lessons for today. Beginning with the famed astronomer Galileo, we will discover that he was a devout Christian and that he fully embraced the Two Divine Books (Book of God’s Word & Book of God’s Works) relationship of Science and Religion. His “Letter to the Grand Duchess Christina” (1615) is a rich source of insights on how to interpret Scripture and how to relate science and Christianity. We will then apply lessons from the Galileo Affair to the debate over biological evolution in ordered to assist people struggling with this science today. This week also begins an extensive series of Hermeneutical Principles demonstrating that the Bible has an ancient understanding of the structure of the world known as the “3-tier universe.”

Episode 98: Key Thoughts. Brief History of Astronomy5:12

Episode 99: Brief History of Astronomy (Continued)4:34

Episode 100: Copernicus. On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres (1543)5:14

Episode 101: Conclusion: Brief History of Astronomy. Brief History of Galileo Galilei (1564-1585)5:09

Episode 102: Brief History of Galileo Galilei (1589-1609)4:28

Episode 103: Brief History of Galileo Galilei (1610-1613)4:34

Episode 104: Brief History of Galileo Galilei (1615-1624)4:06

Episode 105: Brief History of Galileo Galilei (1631-1642)3:42

Episode 106: Conclusion: Brief History of Galileo Galilei3:54

Episode 107: Galileo’s Hermeneutics and Science & Religion Relationship. (1) Foundational Principle: The Two Divine Books5:47

Episode 108: (2) Nature: The Book of God’s Works4:43

Episode 109: (3) Scripture: The Book of God’s Words4:07

Episode 110: Scripture: The Book of God’s Words (Continued). (4) Conflict between Galileo & His Critics5:19

Episode 111: Conflict between Galileo & His Critics (Continued)4:25

Episode 112: Conclusion: Galileo’s Hermeneutics and Science & Religion Relationship3:32

Episode 113: Galileo’s Hermeneutical Gaffe: Literalism & Concordism5:09

Episode 114: The “Apology to Galileo”4:36

Episode 115: Conclusion: Astronomy & the Galileo Affair3:29

Episode 116: Conclusion: Astronomy & the Galileo Affair (Continued)2:45

Hermeneutics 12: St. Augustine's Pastoral Perspective regarding Science & Religion3:53

Hermeneutics 13: Phenomenological Perspective of Nature: The 3-Tier Universe3:13

Hermeneutics 13A: The Earth & Ancient Geography14:06

Meet the Instructors

Denis Lamoureux
Associate Professor
St. Joseph's College

Episode 104.

With Galileo's letter to the Grand Duchess Christina being circulated in 1615,

it was not long before the Roman Catholic Church was informed

that Galileo was interpreting the Bible.

Of course, this was the Protestant problem that contributed to the Reformation.

So in 1616, the Church placed Copernicus' On the Revolutions,

on the Roman Index and this book was suspended for correction.

It's important to note the committee that came to this decision

was made up of only theologians and pastors.

And they consulted for only a few days.

They examined the following two propositions.

Number one, the sun is at the center of the world, and does not move.

And number two, the earth is not at the center of the world, and is in motion.

The judgement of the committee appears in quote seven, and it was an 11 to 0 vote.

All committee members said that this proposition

referring here to the first proposition and

the idea that the Sun is at the center of the world and does not move.

This proposition is foolish, and

absurd in philosophy referring here to natural philosophy or science.

And formally, heretical since it explicitly contradicts in many

places the sense of holy scripture according to the literal meaning of words.

And according to the common interpretation and

understanding of the holy fathers, and the doctors of theology.

Continuing with Quote 7, all committee members said,

that this proposition referring here to the second proposition and the idea

that the earth is not at the center of the world, and that the earth is in motion.

This proposition receives the same judgment and philosophy.

And that in regard to theological truth, it is at least erroneous in faith.

This judgement by the committee of theologians and

pastors is quite revealing because it shows that the church was entrenched.

In scientific concordism and

that hermeneutics was a significant factor in the Galileo affair.

Still in the year of 1616, Galileo was summoned to Rome and

he met Cardinal Bellarmine.

Bellarmine warned Galileo against the realism of heliocentrism and

asked him to call it a hypothesis.

It's worth noting, Bellarmine was correct because at

that time there was no experimental evidence that the earth moved.

This evidence only appears in 1838 with stellar parallax.

In 1618, three comets appear in the sky, and

the Jesuits of the Roman college published a book on comets.

They use an Aristotelian interpretation in which comets are not celestial,

but sparks between air and the lunar sphere.

In 1623, Galileo's book, The Assayer is published.

This is Galileo's work on comets and in it, he attacks the Jesuits and

alienates them, but as you will see, in the end, they will get Galileo.

Galileo visited Rome in 1624, and he met with Pope Urban VIII.

This pope was a friend of Galileo's and

he encouraged Galileo to write up his views as a hypothesis.

Galileo then worked on a book between 1624 and 1630.

And he argued that tides are evidence of the earth's motion.

End of episode.

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