Welcome back, in this video, I want to discuss Low-Fidelity Prototyping. Today, we want to achieve the following goals. First, we will discuss what low-fidelity prototyping is. The second goal is to understand when to use low-fidelity prototyping. Third, we will discuss the advantages of low-fidelity prototyping. In this video, we will particularly focus on the paper prototyping. The final goal is to have a basic idea about how to conduct usability testing with low-fidelity prototypes. Let us first look at what lo-fi data prototyping is. Lo-fi data prototyping is a group of techniques used to rapidly present a graphical concept of a product. Lo-fi data prototyping is often sketchy and incomplete, that has some characteristics of the target product, but is otherwise simple. Among these low-fidelity prototyping strategies, paper prototyping is one of the fastest, easiest, and the cheapest way. When to use low-fidelity prototyping? This is a time you want to use it. You know what your app will do. You know what features it should have. But we need to figure out how to structure functionality and features and want to quickly test the concepts. At this time point, you want to use low-fidelity prototyping. Why do you want to use low-fidelity prototyping? In other words, what is the advantages of this low-fidelity prototyping? First, low-fidelity prototyping is very cheap to implement, test and change. You can express your idea without writing one single line of code. Second, you will not get caught up in details of the prototype. This technique allows you to focus on presenting the core idea of the application. So low-fidelity prototyping enables the involvement of developers, designers, users and other stakeholders very early in the design process. How to perform usability test with low-fidelity prototyping? Especially with the paper prototypes. The comma approach is called Wizard of Oz. About Wizard of Oz, it means that we use experienced researchers use role playing to test how end users will interact with the product. This photo demonstrates a typical way of testing paper prototypes. The man in this photo is the user and the user is interacting with the paper prototypes. When researcher operates a paper prototypes and simulates the behavior of the computers. Often time, we have another researcher who will guide the process, ask questions, interact with the user and take notes. We will discuss in more details about this ability testing in the next cause, cause 4. Here, I just want to give you a basic idea about how to test the paper prototypes. In this video, we have discussed what low-fidelity prototyping is. You should understand when to use low-fidelity prototyping. And that the advantages of low-fidelity prototyping. You should also have a basic idea about how to conduct a usability testing with low-fidelity prototypes. In the next couples of lectures,we actually or we'll have a series of videos about prototyping. Including paper prototype examples,physical prototype examples,enhanced paper prototype, wireframing and tool-based prototyping. Thank you for watching this video. Hope to see you in the next ones.