Hi. In this video I will share some tips to help you put SNAP into practice in your conversations. The first skills in SNAP is self-awareness. I know from experience that it takes time and intention to become routinely aware of when you have the potential to judge or derail a conversation. You'll complete a self-awareness assignment in the next module. The process of reflecting on and recording your values and beliefs around health, illness and dying, will help bring your beliefs and values to the forefront of your mind. I'll also ask you to identify where you have the potential to judge or pull away from people who don't share your values and beliefs. I recommend you revisit this assignment regularly, to help reinforce your awareness of your values and beliefs. Staying in the now, means that you remain in the present moment. Not revisiting past events, and not thinking about the future, including what you want to say next. In addition to helping you focus your attention and conversations, studies suggest that mindfulness practices offer a variety of personal benefits. Mindfulness practices can be as simple as imagining something relaxing, and paying attention to your breath. For example, just thinking about a beautiful sky, taking a few deep inhalations and exhalations before an important conversation, helps me clear my mind and bring my attention to the present moment. Two benefits of these practices are, you always have your imagination and your breath with you, and no one will ever know what you're doing. Focusing on one or all of your five senses is another way to bring your attention to the present moment. It works by focusing on your body's experiences as an antidote to being lost in your thoughts. For example, right now, I see that green around me, I hear the breeze, I smell fresh grass, I taste the mint I ate before I started talking to you and my top feels soft to the touch. This sensory check helps me become more fully aware of where I am and what I'm doing. This is another practice as always with you and takes very little time. In your readings and Internet exploration, you will also learn more about other mindfulness practices including meditation. Ask is the third skill in SNAP. We want to express genuine curiosity about the other person's values and beliefs. We don't want to assume we know what they mean when they talk about what's important to them. Ask is a skill. Sometimes you will actually ask a question like, I know what independence means to me. But what does it mean for you at this time? We might also express curiosity in the form of a statement like, I'd like to understand what you mean by successful outcome. We can also prompt our conversation partner with an invitation. Would you say more about your feelings about pain medication? If you're asked a question, it often means the person wants to explore this topic more than they really want to know your opinion. It's okay to say you don't know, and turn the invitation back to them to explore the topic further. If they ask your opinion about this topic again, be honest and brief to keep the conversation about them. Asking open-ended questions, questions that can't be answered with yes or no and inviting people to say more, are also two ways to let other people be the expert guides in a conversation about what's important to them. These practices help give them control over how much they share, or how little they share. As people speak, notice where their values and beliefs differ from yours. These differences indicate places for you to explore together. People will talk about what's important to them and explicit and in indirect ways. So, listen to the words they use and then use their language. By this, I mean you shouldn't translate or exchange the other person's words for terms you prefer. For example, if someone talks about resolution, you shouldn't translate that into forgiveness. If they talk about a higher power, you should use that phrase and not insert the word God into the conversation. As a caregiver, you're in a position of power with people who are ill. If you assume you know what they mean or you translate what they say into your preferred expressions, people who want to be good patients may simply agree with you, because they need your support and they don't want to offend you. This can be especially true in conversations with people who believe it's bad manners to disagree with persons in authority. I hope these tips help you when you practice SNAP's skills in your upcoming assignment. Good luck.