So we're going to talk about some of the verticals inside the IOT. And the first one that we're going to really want to talk about at this point is transportation logistics. There are a lot of interesting requirements that come about from this. So the ecosystem and the carrier opportunities, so the comp service provider carrier opportunities, from a use case standpoint, revolve around both inventory and supply chain management. The possibility for smart travel, we've talked a little bit about that. Smart airports. And then also the possibility of delivery services, either through drone or robot delivery services. And the opportunities come into place, then, really are broken down into two significant areas. The first is the massive connectivity with non-time critical sensing. And by non-time critical, we mean both the duration, the interval in which that takes place. And the information itself is not going to be critical. So for example, the ability to predict maintenance associated with some of these platforms, or to perform asset tracking and monitoring. And when I say it's not time critical or more significant from a quality service perspective-- for example, if you've got a predictive good maintenance interval that schedules up and says, look at the next 100 miles, in the next 50 miles, in the next 10 miles, in the next 5, if you were to skip that information for whatever reason about the 50th mile, it's not going to be critical because there are several bits of communication that flow along the way. Similarly, with asset tracking type of devices, if it has an interval that passes if one of those is dropped somewhere along the way for whatever reason, it's not a catastrophe that's in there. The other use case is the massive connectivity for the time critical and the sensing. And these types of elements, you really don't want to have any of the information lost in order to [INAUDIBLE] delayed. It needs to flow very rapidly through the networks. So we've got two different bits of opportunity that take place there in this logistical area. And for that type of device, you want to think about, like, for example, the sensors on a car that is providing information about road congestion or some type of critical activity that is instantaneous that needs to be communicated in order to prevent a further complication along the way. Similarly, you may have context-aware type services providing information in these types of areas that may require geofencing. Again, that geographical requirement to contain inside some regulatory element. So as we break this down into this table that's on the slide-- and we're certainly not going to go through each of these elements. You can double-click on it yourself as well. You can see that we've broken down the functionalities themselves into the intermediaries, the platforms, network connectivity itself, the devices and equipment that are going to be used in order to provide that end. The vehicles where we expect to find those types of things. And then the infrastructure of the transportation. So you'd expect that the road would have a different requirement than a rail line or an airport or a harbor type of an element from that transportation infrastructure level. And it may in fact be controlled by different elements, from the local municipality to a government to some private type of an enterprise as the key players. So if you think about things like a harbor or a port, you may have a regional operator that builds their own infrastructure to control the flow of that data traffic that's in that area, whether those are Wi-Fi or macro-type networks that pull that information to track those platforms, those boxes, those shipping containers, and allocate them to the trucks correctly. As we look back up through those types of functionalities that we've got here, we're going to develop different requirements, different functional requirements, into the network itself, into that 5G network, from these iOS type devices that are out there. So that platform, for example, has a localized positioning, there's going to be requirements that the vendor themselves, the OEM, the ODMs, need to put into place on that vehicle, right on into the [INAUDIBLE] operators themselves and how they're going to deploy the manageability of those tech platforms. If it's a digital map provider, someone is controlling that information deep inside the core of the network. And again, you can think about that model that we looked at before, where information needs to flow into that cloud type of an environment, through the network, to be turned back around and maybe in this case distributed to a wide audience of consumers, if we're looking at smart travels, for example, on those types of applications. So there's a reference here on this slide if you want to go down a little bit deeper into it. So in our last slide, we actually talked about the connectivity, whether it's non-time critical, and still massively connected over the time critical. And you could find those two cases show at the top of this slide. And again we're not going to go through each one of these data points here. We'd been talking about this slide for a very long time. But to show the functionality that drives requirements into that operational network, into that 5G network, based on those elements. And then finally, the vehicle to another vehicle to act. Sometimes we see that. In this example, a remote drone operation. So let's take a look at the non-time critical for the moment, just to pick a couple of these things out. So from a latency standpoint, the non-time critical, obviously, is not going to be significant. To transition that over to the time critical or the sensitive type of an area, we need less than a 30 millisecond for some of these activities for a round-trip turnaround. So end-to-end really means round-trip turnaround. So from the device itself into the network where we perform some type of an operation. And then a compute load result turns back, and then to a control aspect either in the device itself that the sensor is a part of, or to other devices. Similarly, taking that same latency across to a vehicle to x or drone type [INAUDIBLE] the requirements may even be less. We may find it that we need to operate in the sub-10 millisecond type take range in that area. Reliability, we can make an argument as to whether the reliability is critical or noncritical, probably in the real-time of the critical sensing type of an area. But it certainly wouldn't be critical in the area of a robotic delivery type system or drone type delivery system. You don't want it just falling out of the sky because of a lack of connectivity into the network, because of congestion into the network, for example. Similarly when you look at the devices themselves, we have to ask, how dense are they going to be deployed geographically. Because again, when we think about these devices coming into the network, there's going to be some type of aggregation point, and most likely a wireless aggregation point, 5G aggregation point, that's collecting all of that information. If you think about the cell tower today, if you've ever gone to a large event, a stadium-sized event, and found that you've got problems using something as simple as SMS in there, that may be because there are just too many devices inside that very confined space. Well, that's a density issue. And the network itself is only designed to accommodate a certain amount of density. But if we look at the IOT types of use cases, we may find that we've got a very dense type of concentration. And that requires us to put more infrastructure out there on the network to handle all those devices, so they can meet those types of need. So when you look at device density across this area, 10 of the 4 per kilometer is a very dense type of a device. So if you think about the macro network of yesterday, it may not be able to accommodate that number of devices. It just can't address them in that area. So the 5G network gives us a greater density of possibility, so that we can meet the needs of some of these types of use cases when you think about the smart city or the smart parking or the hospital types of things. Security is always very critical. The data that we look at in here is going to require encryption end-to-end that comes into play. And that's just the beginning of it. It's not just security of the information in flight. It may also be security of the information while it's at rest. And the positioning of the devices-- and these are all, again critical elements that we go through and we look at the collection of these types of technologies to place requirements on the network. And we simply don't have the resources today in the legacy 4G network in order to meet all of these functional requirements as we look at the opportunities for the business simply in transportation and logistics and the variety of them.
