Faced with a deadlock in the electoral college, the Constitution stipulated that the House of Representatives should select the President of the United States. Now the Republicans had done very, very well in the election of 1800. Not just at the presidential level, but also in Congress. The incoming House of Representatives would have 69 Republicans and 36 Federalists. The Senate would have 18 Republicans and 13 Federalists. However, it would be the outgoing Congress, not the incoming Congress, which would select the president. The outgoing Congress in 1801 was dominated by the Federalists. So we have a really unusual set of circumstances in 1800 whereby two candidates end up on the same number of electoral votes, Burr and Jefferson with 73. and that the outgoing Federalist-dominated House of Representatives would have to choose the President of the United States. So it fell to the Federalists, many of whom had lost their seats, so these people weren't very happy, to choose who the president would be, either Aaron Burr or Thomas Jefferson. Both of these candidates were unacceptable to many Federalists, or seen as an anathema by many federalists. So there's a kind of paradox. The House met in February of 1801, over the course of a week between February 11th and 17th, to choose the next president of the United States. The Constitution stipulated that the new president should be inaugurated on March 4th. So potentially, the country was facing a Constitutional crisis if the Congress couldn't determine who it would select as president. It wasn't clear in February of 1801 who the president would be. There was a great deal of talk that the republic itself might be in danger. If you can remember the election of 2000 and that prolonged dispute over the election between George W Bush and Al Gore, well that dispute only extended into December of that year, it lasted a little more than a month. There was a great deal of uncertainty in the United States, and in the world at that time regarding who the next President of the United States would be. Well, in 1800 and 1801, that kind of uncertainty lasted almost three months. March 4th was the date that the new president was meant to be inaugurated and it wasn't clear when Congress met on February 11th who the new president would be. Indeed, Congress was deadlocked. The way voting was supposed to be done in this particular instance, was that each state would have one vote within Congress to choose who the President would be. Over a series of 35 ballots during that week in February, February 11th through 17th in 1801, Congress could not agree. There was no clear winner between Burr and Jefferson. It was only on the 36th ballot of February 17th, 1801 that the outgoing House of Representatives finally selected Jefferson to be the president. There's a great deal of debate among historians of why this was so and what actually happened. Some have intimated that Burr was scheming to supersede Jefferson and become president himself. I'm not sure that's necessarily true although he certainly wouldn't have minded being elected president. Others have intimated that Jefferson made a deal with the Federalists, perhaps through Federalist congressman, James Bard, from Delaware. Jefferson, it's suggested, made a deal with Bard in order to win his support. Basically the deal was that he would keep key elements of the Federalist fiscal program, that Hamiltonian fiscal program, in exchange for Bard's support. Hamilton himself, when asked whether he had a view intimated that was he was more sympathetic to Jefferson than Burr. Although choosing between Burr and Jefferson was a terrible, terrible choice as far as Hamilton was concerned. Hamilton of course wasn't in Congress but he was influential with those Federalist congressmen. Whether there was a deal or not - historians have never being able to determine for sure - Jefferson did keep key elements of the Hamiltonian and the Federalist fiscal program in place when we became president. This suggests that there may have been a deal.