History: Government Programs

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Из курса от партнера University of Pennsylvania

The Economics of Health Care Delivery

36 оценки

University of Pennsylvania

The Economics of Health Care Delivery

36 оценки

Курс 2 из 4 — Specialization The Business of Health Care

In this course, you’ll learn about the key components of health care, and the economics behind their principles and pricing strategies. Professors Ezekiel Emanuel of Penn Medicine and Guy David of the Wharton School have designed this course to help you understand the complex structure of the health care system and health insurance. Through study and analysis of providers and insurance through an economic lens, you’ll learn how basic economic principles apply to both principles and payment methods. By the end of this course, you’ll be able to identify different types of health care providers and understand the dynamic between the providers and patient so you can employ best practices and maximize profit for your health care organization.

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Module 1

This module was designed to give you a deeper understanding of the history and structure of the American health care system. You’ll begin by examining the history of health care providers and improvements in health care technology throughout the years. Then you’ll look at the different evolutions of insurance throughout history, the purpose of health insurance, and the inherent issues and solutions within the concept of insurance. You’ll learn key aspects of Medicare, Medicaid, and other government programs that increase access to health care. Then, you’ll evaluate the Iron Triangle of Health Care—quality, cost, and access—and the main areas of focus and tension for health care policy. By the end of this module, you’ll have a richer understanding of the growth of health care providers, insurance, and government programs and their impact on health care access.

History: Providers8:56

History: Health Insurance5:50

History: Government Programs3:31

Introduction to Health Insurance5:57

The Structure of Health Insurance5:45

Medicaid and Other Government Programs4:44

Познакомьтесь с преподавателями

Ezekiel J. Emanuel, MD, PhD
Diane v.S. Levy and Robert M. Levy University Professor
Department of Medical Ethics and Health Policy
Guy David, PhD
Gilbert and Shelley Harrison Associate Professor of Health Care Management
Department of Health Care Management

With employers providing most of health insurance in the country,

there are two groups that are predominantly left out,

the poor and unemployed who don't have

an employer and the elderly who have stopped working.

In 1960, 35 percent of the elderly were living in

poverty predominantly because of high healthcare costs without insurance.

This became a major issue.

And in 1957, Representative Forand of Rhode Island introduced the first Medicare bill.

His idea was to tie Medicare and payment of coverage for the

elderly to Social Security and pay for through payroll taxes.

Not much happened. Although, how to

provide healthcare insurance to the poor and elderly was

a major issue in the 1960 election between John F. Kennedy and Richard Nixon,

but not much happened after Kennedy got elected.

In the early 1960s,

Congress passed a compromise water down bill called Elder Care,

which allowed the states to voluntarily get

federal funds to provide health coverage for the poor and elderly.

Few states did it, and it was widely viewed as a failure.

In 1964, Lyndon Johnson swept into the White House with a huge landslide victory.

He got more than 60 percent of the vote.

And he began introducing major transformational legislation,

the civil rights legislation,

education legislation, immigration and health care.

Collectively, they became the Great Society program.

Within seven months of his coming into office, July 30,

1965, he signed legislation for

Medicare and Medicaid in Independence Missouri right near Harry Truman.

Medicare was a program set up to provide coverage to the elderly,

those people over 65.

Medicaid was a state and federal combined program paid for largely by

the federal government and administered by states to

provide care to the poor and to disabled people.

And that was the structure.

Employer sponsored coverage for people of working age,

Medicare for the elderly,

Medicaid for the poor.

That was the main bulk of how we paid for healthcare.

But there were other government programs.

There is Veterans Administration program to pay for healthcare for vets.

There's Tricare which pays for healthcare for

Defense Department and soldiers and their dependents.

There's the Indian Health Service that pays for the healthcare of native Americans.

And there are other programs such as

the Federal Employee Health Benefits Program that pays for federal workers.

The result is a very complex system of how we pay for

healthcare and the care delivered by various different people; doctors, hospitals,

home healthcare agencies, and all the others; the drug companies,

the device manufacturers and others who provide the services and the goods in the system.

We have a very complicated system.

Next, we're going to look at how we actually pay for healthcare,

how insurance companies, Medicare and Medicaid,

actually pay doctors and hospitals to provide care.

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