Hi everyone, this is Ed Amoroso. And I've got a little short video here, where I want to pose kind of a fun question to you. And the question is this, when would a connected refrigerator potentially have the same security consequence as a security system in a nuclear power plant? On the surface, you would say that's utterly ridiculous. You attack, a cyber attack on a nuclear power plant is always going to be worse than a refrigerator connected to the internet. But what I want to have you think about here for a minute is something called weaponization of IoT. That's where IoT systems are harvested together into a big bot. There's been a lot of articles that are out on the internet and things that pop up in the popular press and are talking to weaponization of IoT, and the implication. Well, bottom line is, if you've got IoT or industrial control devices, whether refrigerator or safety system in a power plant that have computers on them, they have operating systems with memory, and CPU, and IO, and network connections, if you have that and I'm building myself a botnet to try to scale up to attack something. Do I care if I'm stealing that compute cycle from a refrigerator or a power plant? The answer is you don't. In fact, my argument might be that the power plant probably is less valuable for the security thing, because there's probably a lot of security around there. Whereas your connected refrigerator is probably wide open. If you've been watching, there's been a lot of different cases. There's a famous one called the Mirai Botnet from a guy who's a graduate student in New Jersey, where I actually live in the US, who created and harnessed a botnet of IoT devices. You always hear about, in these kinds of cases, the devices that are attacked tend to be very innocuous things, like digital video recorders or cameras, home cameras, things like that. Why is that? It's because there's no security there. Now if they wanted to go after the safety systems in a nuclear power plant, well if they were easy to grab and get CPU, memory, IO, network connection, then they'll do that. You're going to go to a place where there's the least resistance. So the answer to the question, "When does a connected refrigerator potentially have the same security consequences as the safety system in a nuclear power plant?" The answer is, when somebody is trying to weaponize them. And in terms of that weaponization, it may be, that the consequences are even more severe for the consumer device. Keep that in mind. It's an interesting kind of artifact of the way we protect things in IoT ecosystems. Thanks. I'll see you in the next one.