[BLANK_AUDIO] So, let's talk a bit about the business. [COUGH] Unsurprisingly the gas business has a very similar value stream to the oil business at the upstream end, you have exploration and production then where things get a little bit different is here in the midstream portion and I'll, I'll spend some time talking about that. We might think about breaking down the different activities there as gathering and processing and then transmission. And then downstream we'll talk a bit about that. [COUGH] There is some direct end use of natural gas. A lot of it goes to electrical electrical generation, of course. And then there's some amount of manufacturing. But, the first portion, just to briefly recall on the e and p end, the upstream end, is basically you can go back and look at the slides from oil. It's basically a process of finding a cost effective way to prospect and, and identify potential players often using seismic technology. Then going out and doing some exploratory drilling in order to prove those locations do have hydrocarbons in this case gas and then there's going to be, you know, development drilling and production operations, all pretty much identical to the upstream oil activities. Primarily, what you're trying to do at the midstream level is gather the gas from all of these facilities so you'll have a, a extensive network of small gathering lines or small lines to transport the gas from the wells to some central processing facility. And at that central processing facility, the objective will largely be to try to clean up the gas a little bit of any impurities and possibly separate some of the gas. Transmission refers to that bulk moving of the gas to that point of end use, either, either at the household or, or in industrial uses. Transmission tends to be in the form of pipelines. Although some transmission will be in the form of liquid natural LNG. You'll, you'll hear the term LNG so there's going to be. [BLANK_AUDIO] It's going to be both pipelines, but you'll also see the term LNG. Liquid natural gas refers to [COUGH] LNG refers to liquid natural gas here what. We would do is pull the gas to 260, minus 260 degrees Fahrenheit, and that will actually liquefy the gas at atmospheric pressure. And and then, you know, it'll often be moved on tankers, or something. So this is often times used in, in being able to trade gas across international boundaries. And then, in end use the primary end uses for one of the, one of the main end uses is for electrical generation. Certainly in the US. We've talked a bit in some previous videos about how competitive natural gas has become for generating electricity. So, so one major end use is for electrical generation. The other is for home heating and cooking. And then gas that does not get used in that form either, either used directly as heating or cooking fuels, so we're consuming the gas for its energy that way, or converted to another consumable form of energy electricity then that gas that does not go there, to one of those uses, is going to go into the manufacturing stream. In the manufacturing stream, it can be used in refining processes petrochemical manufacturing, and then in the production of fertilizer, probably the, the three main areas that we utilize natural gas. In May.
