Let's move to Role of Leadership.
One of the most studied issue of group culture is leadership.
Leadership is commonly viewed as a form of social influence.
Groups need leaders to keep them stable and encourage to achieve a goal.
Leadership occurs in groups.
Groups are the context in which leadership takes place.
Leadership involves influencing a group of individuals who have a common purpose.
This can be a small task group,
a community group or a large group encompassing an entire organization.
Leadership is about one individual influencing group
of others to accomplish common goals.
Others, a group are required for leadership to occur.
Leadership training programs that reach people to lead themselves are not considered a
part of leadership within the definition that is set forth in this discussion.
For example, in an art gallery or organic food shop is likely
to expect collaborative decision making and leadership.
A small group is formed within the context of
such democratic organizations would be
influenced by the more extensive and open communication.
Manufactured organizations are traditionally autocratic,
interactions are top-down, hierarchical.
It leads to formal leadership style when the group leader makes the final decisions,
but does not include team members in the decision making process.
Less faire system is likely to find within educational institutions.
Less faire leader gives group members freedom to
self manage and reach and implement their own decisions.
An example of this kind of leader might be a teacher who conducts open book exam,
leaves materials on the shelves and tell students to help themselves.
There are types of leadership emergence.
In general, some people gravitate more towards leadership roles than others.
Designated leaders are officially recognized in their leadership role and
may be appointed or elected by people inside or outside the group.
Designated leaders can be especially successful when they are
sought out by others to fulfill and then accept it in leadership roles.
On the other hand, some people seek out leadership positions not
because they possess leadership skills and have been successful leaders in the past,
but because they have a drive to hold and willpower.
Many groups are initially leaderless and must either
designate a leader or wait for one to emerge organically.
Emergent leaders gain status and respect through engagement with the group.
And its task turn to be others as a resource when leadership is needed.
Emergent leaders may play an important role when a designated leader unexpectedly leaves.
There are some factors that increase chance to become a leader.
Which are communication skills and competency,
traits, and of course, the situation.
The situation, one might say, luck.
What are the roles of a leader in the development of a group?
Let's go through them.
In the forming stage,
the leader must look assert and
execute certainly in order to help groups members find their places,
create a positive atmosphere,
and provide space for communication and interaction.
The leader can guide the group through the storming stage by
giving the group practical tasks that help to establish relationships and clarity roles.
The leader should show confidence because the stage can get rather emotional.
If a group has reached the performing stage,
the leader can step aside and limit his or her role in facilitating the process.
Thus, further strengthening the group's ability to work autonomously,
present the group with a new perspectives in
order to provide the group with a further opportunities to develop.
In adjourning or reframing stage,
the leader has to provide methods and tools for evaluating what
has been done and for readjusting or setting new aims.
In this lecture, we have studied the cultural dimension of group communication.
We have observe social identity theory,
optional distinct in this theory,
and basics of leadership theory.
They are important to understand how cultural context,
cultural background, social status,
position in an organisation, etc.
influences on in-group and intergroup communication.