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Ancient Philosophy: Aristotle and His Successors

ОбзорПрограмма курсаЧасто задаваемые вопросыАвторыРейтинги и отзывы

ГлавнаяГуманитарные науки и искусстваФилософия

Ancient Philosophy: Aristotle and His Successors

Пенсильванский университет

Об этом курсе: What is philosophy? How does it differ from science, religion, and other modes of human discourse? This course traces the origins of philosophy in the Western tradition in the thinkers of Ancient Greece. We begin with the Presocratic natural philosophers who were active in Ionia in the 6th century BCE and are also credited with being the first scientists. Thales, Anaximander, and Anaximines made bold proposals about the ultimate constituents of reality, while Heraclitus insisted that there is an underlying order to the changing world. Parmenides of Elea formulated a powerful objection to all these proposals, while later Greek theorists (such as Anaxagoras and the atomist Democritus) attempted to answer that objection. In fifth-century Athens, Socrates insisted on the importance of the fundamental ethical question—“How shall I live?”—and his pupil, Plato, and Plato’s pupil, Aristotle, developed elaborate philosophical systems to explain the nature of reality, knowledge, and human happiness. After the death of Aristotle, in the Hellenistic period, Epicureans and Stoics developed and transformed that earlier tradition. We will study the major doctrines of all these thinkers. Part I will cover Plato and his predecessors. Part II will cover Aristotle and his successors.


Автор:  Пенсильванский университет
Пенсильванский университет

  • Susan Sauvé Meyer

    Преподаватели:  Susan Sauvé Meyer, Professor

    Department of Philosophy
Выполнение5 weeks of study, 1-3 hours/week
Язык
English
Как пройти курсЧтобы пройти курс, выполните все оцениваемые задания.
Оценки пользователей
4.8 звезды
Средняя оценка пользователей: 4.8Посмотрите, что пишут учащиеся
Программа курса
НЕДЕЛЯ 1
Aristotle’s Categories
Aristotle’s anti-Platonic metaphysics: the ultimate realities are ordinary objects of our experience, like people and animals. Each of these is a substances, the most fundamental type of being.
6 видео, 1 материал для самостоятельного изучения
  1. Lecture: Aristotle's Categories
  2. Видео: Introduction to Ancient Philosophy
  3. Видео: Introduction to Aristotle
  4. Видео: Subjects and Predicates
  5. Видео: Universals and Particulars
  6. Видео: Substance and Subject
  7. Видео: Subjects of Change
  8. Demande de discussion: Discussion Question: Aristotle's Categories
Оцениваемый: Subjects and Predicates
Оцениваемый: Substances & Subjects
НЕДЕЛЯ 2
Aristotle's Natural Philosophy
Natural substances have matter and form, and natural processes are goal-directed. Every living thing, plants and animals included, has a soul that moves it.
6 видео, 2 материалов для самостоятельного изучения
  1. Lecture: Aristotle's Physics
  2. Видео: Matter, Form, and Change
  3. Видео: Nature
  4. Видео: Is Form or Matter Nature?
  5. Видео: The Four Causes
  6. Видео: Natural Teleology
  7. Lecture: Aristotle's On the Soul
  8. Видео: Soul As Cause
  9. Demande de discussion: Discussion Question: Aristotle's Natural Philosophy
Оцениваемый: Change & Nature
Оцениваемый: Causes in Nature
Оцениваемый: Aristotelian Souls
НЕДЕЛЯ 3
Aristotle's Ethics
The motion of the universe is eternal and its cause is an eternal unmoved mover, Aristotle’s god. Our goal in life is to achieve happiness, which comes in two varieties: the human happiness we achieve by exercising the virtues of character, and the godlike happiness we achieve when we grasp eternal truths.
9 видео, 2 материалов для самостоятельного изучения
  1. Lecture: Aristotle's Metaphysics
  2. Видео: The Eternity of Motion
  3. Видео: The First Mover of the Cosmos
  4. Видео: The Unmoved Mover
  5. Demande de discussion: Discussion Questions: Unmoved Mover
  6. Lecture: Aristotle's Ethics
  7. Видео: The Goal of Life
  8. Видео: What Are You Doing With Your Life?
  9. Видео: Happiness and Living Well
  10. Видео: Pleasure and the Human Function
  11. Видео: Virtue of Character
  12. Видео: Godlike Virtue
  13. Demande de discussion: Discussion Question: Aristotle's Ethics
Оцениваемый: The Unmoved Mover
Оцениваемый: Aristotle's Ethics
НЕДЕЛЯ 4
Epicureanism
Epicureans return to the atomism of Democritus, and find no purpose in nature. Philosophy is a therapeutic practice that removes fear and anxiety and provides us with the tranquility (ataraxia) of the gods.
8 видео, 4 материалов для самостоятельного изучения
  1. Lecture: The Letter to Menoeceus
  2. Lecture: The Letter of Epicurus to Herodotus
  3. Lecture: On the nature of the gods
  4. Lecture: Principal Doctrines
  5. Видео: Introduction to Epicurus
  6. Видео: Nature and the Gods
  7. Видео: Therapeutic Philosophy
  8. Видео: Death Is Nothing To Us
  9. Видео: What's Wrong With Death?
  10. Demande de discussion: Discussion Question: Gods and Death
  11. Видео: Ataraxia
  12. Видео: Restricting Desire
  13. Видео: Enduring Pain
  14. Demande de discussion: Discussion Question: Pleasure and Pain
Оцениваемый: Gods and Death
Оцениваемый: Pleasure and Pain
НЕДЕЛЯ 5
Stoicism
A providential god is at work in every detail of the cosmos, where everything happens by fate. Our goal in life is to accommodate ourselves to this divine nature by giving up our concern for (but not our pursuit of) worldly objectives.
9 видео, 4 материалов для самостоятельного изучения
  1. Lecture: The Enchiridion
  2. Lecture: On the nature of the gods
  3. Lecture: De Fato (On Fate)
  4. Lecture: De Finibus (On Ends)
  5. Видео: Introduction to Stoicism
  6. Видео: God in Nature
  7. Видео: Following Nature
  8. Видео: A Good Flow of Life
  9. Видео: The Goal vs. The Target
  10. Demande de discussion: Discussion Question: Stoic Natural Philosophy and Ethics
  11. Видео: The Lazy Argument
  12. Видео: What Is Up To Us
  13. Видео: Stoic Compatibilism
  14. Demande de discussion: Discussion Question: Fate and Human Action
  15. Видео: Conclusion
Оцениваемый: Stoic Natural Philosophy and Ethics
Оцениваемый: Fate and Human Action
Оцениваемый: Aristotle and His Successors Final Project

Часто задаваемые вопросы
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Chaque cours fonctionne comme un manuel interactif en proposant des vidéos préenregistrées, des quiz et des projets.

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Connectez-vous à des milliers d'autres étudiants et débattez sur des idées, discutez le contenu du cours et obtenez de l'aide pour en maîtriser les concepts.

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Авторы
Пенсильванский университет
The University of Pennsylvania (commonly referred to as Penn) is a private university, located in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States. A member of the Ivy League, Penn is the fourth-oldest institution of higher education in the United States, and considers itself to be the first university in the United States with both undergraduate and graduate studies.
Рейтинги и отзывы
Оценка 4.8 из 5 по 364 отзывам
Clare Holdinghaus-Ireland

Really good overview. Information is presented in a very clearly and concisely. The pace is good, and the topics are all very interesting.

The only things I didn't like had to do with format issues: I did not find the periodic "quizzes" that interrupt the videos to be helpful. They were more frustrating than anything since they broke up the flow of the videos and didn't add anything to my understanding of the topics. And while the intro sequences to each video are high-quality, it's unnecessary to have 25 seconds dedicated to the into for *each* and *every* video. This was repetitive and frustrating, especially since the volume on the intro sequences was much louder than the rest of the video, meaning I had to either manually skip the into or adjust the volume each time. These are technical details, so I don't want them to reflect poorly on the content of the course, which is excellent. It's more a suggestion to re-edit the course videos at some point.

Luiz Felipe Baptista Pereira Fiorito

Amazing content. I enjoyed and lernt a lot.

Aliaksei Kuzmin

Philosophy is the way to understand the world by using rational structures of mind. Taking it into account, it's really important to have deep understanding of philosophical concepts and theories. The course really helps you to grasp the understanding of such kind. The lecturer explains genius ideas of ancient greek philosophers in a clear logically sequential way using excellent language. Definitely recommend!

ХИ

Very well-prepared and informative course. I've really enjoyed reading and listening to the lectures. Thank you!



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